Most US long-term care is paid for by Medicaid, not Medicare.1 Maryland calls its Medicaid program Medical Assistance, administered by the Maryland Department of Health (MDH) and delivered for most services through HealthChoice managed-care organizations (MCOs).
Three eligibility tests, in order
1. Medical eligibility
Maryland requires a level-of-care assessment confirming nursing-home-level need for institutional Medicaid or substantial ADL needs for CFC. Assessments are coordinated through the local Department of Social Services and the AAA, with the interRAI Home Care assessment used as the standardized tool.2
2. Income
Maryland applies the federal income cap of 300% of the SSI federal benefit rate — approximately $2,829/month gross in 2026. The cap is updated each January.
If your parent’s gross monthly income exceeds the cap, they aren’t automatically disqualified. Maryland allows the use of a Qualifying Income Trust (QIT) — sometimes called a Miller Trust — to divert above-cap income.3
3. Assets
The applicant’s countable assets must be at or below $2,500 at the moment of application . Maryland applies the standard federal exemptions:
- Primary residence is generally exempt, subject to the federal home-equity cap (~$752,000 in 2026)
- One vehicle of any value
- Personal effects and household goods
- A burial plot, and up to $1,500 of pre-need burial funds
- Term life insurance, and whole life with face value under $1,500
The five-year look-back
Maryland applies the standard federal 60-month look-back to all long-term-care applications. Any uncompensated transfer in the 60 months before application generates a penalty period — a window during which the applicant is otherwise eligible but Medical Assistance will not pay.
The penalty math: transfer value divided by Maryland’s monthly penalty divisor (approximating the average private- pay nursing-home cost). The 2026 figure is approximately $9,800–$11,500/month. A $100,000 gift becomes roughly a 9-month penalty.
Community First Choice: Maryland’s progressive HCBS entitlement
Maryland operates the Community First Choice (CFC) state-plan option under §1915(k) of the Social Security Act.4 CFC is distinct from a waiver in one critical way: it’s an entitlement, not a slot-limited waiver. If your parent qualifies, they cannot be put on a waitlist.
CFC covers:
- Personal-attendant services (help with ADLs — bathing, dressing, transferring, meal prep, medication management)
- Acquisition and maintenance of skills needed to handle one’s own care
- Back-up systems for when the primary attendant is unavailable
For families where the goal is keeping the parent at home with paid in-home support — rather than transitioning to a nursing facility — CFC is the key. Eligibility requires meeting nursing-home level of care PLUS the financial eligibility tests above.
The Community Options waiver
For services that CFC doesn’t cover — certain community-based settings, assisted-living services, some environmental modifications — Maryland operates the Community Options Waiver (often called CO Waiver).5 Unlike CFC, the waiver has slot limits and can have waitlists. Apply early.
HealthChoice and managed-care delivery
Most Maryland Medical Assistance services — including most LTC — are delivered through HealthChoice managed-care organizations. Major MCOs include Aetna Better Health, AmeriHealth Caritas, CareFirst Community Health Plan, Jai Medical Systems, Kaiser Permanente, MedStar Family Choice, Maryland Physicians Care, Priority Partners, UnitedHealthcare Community Plan, and Wellpoint. Your parent will be assigned to one or choose one at enrollment.
The community-spouse situation
If one spouse needs care and the other doesn’t, the rules become more favorable. The community spouse keeps:
- A monthly income allowance (MMMNA): up to $3,948 in 2026
- A protected asset amount (CSRA): up to ~$157,920 in 2026
- The homestead, one vehicle, and personal effects as exempt
Maryland’s estate recovery program
Maryland pursues estate recovery for Medical Assistance LTC services paid on behalf of a recipient age 55 or older. Recovery applies to the probate estate — meaning assets held in properly-structured trusts or passing by beneficiary designation generally escape recovery.6 A Maryland elder-law attorney can review the estate structure to understand exposure.
What to do this month
- Gather the documents. Five years of bank statements, tax returns, real-estate records, brokerage statements, and life-insurance policies.
- Stop any “creative” transfers. If gifting has happened recently, document it and stop.
- Talk to a Maryland elder-law attorney.The consultation typically runs $300–$500 and is cheap insurance.
- Ask about CFC eligibility. If your parent has substantial ADL needs, CFC is the under-the-radar option to keep them at home.
- Schedule the level-of-care assessment. Get it on the timeline even before you’re ready to file.
For the broader Medicaid context across states, see our Medicaid pillar overview. For Maryland’s estate-and-inheritance-tax landscape, see Legal & Financial in Maryland.